分布式光伏通常在建筑物屋頂，工廠屋頂和蔬菜棚之類的地方建造，以充分利用空間。那么，分布式光伏發(fā)電和集中式光伏之間的異同是什么呢？

Distributed photovoltaic is usually built on the roofs of buildings, factories and vegetable sheds to make full use of space. So, what are the similarities and differences between distributed photovoltaic power generation and centralized photovoltaic power generation?

相同之處:

Similarities:

1）原理相同，都是利用太陽(yáng)能將其轉(zhuǎn)換為電能，然后將產(chǎn)生的電能連接到并網(wǎng)發(fā)送到電網(wǎng)進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)和生活使用。

1) The principle is the same. They use solar energy to convert it into electric energy, and then connect the generated electric energy to the grid and send it to the grid for production and domestic use.

2）組件相同，通常使用單晶硅電池板或太陽(yáng)能薄膜。

2) The components are the same, usually using monocrystalline silicon panel or solar film.

3）所使用的主要設(shè)備基本一致，包括逆變器，變壓器，匯流箱等設(shè)備。逆變器的功能是將產(chǎn)生的直流電轉(zhuǎn)換為交流電。變壓器的功能是增強(qiáng)逆變器轉(zhuǎn)換的交流電。匯流箱的功能是收集太陽(yáng)能電池板的直流電，然后將它們匯聚一處，融合以統(tǒng)一輸送至逆變器上。

3) The main equipment used is basically the same, including inverter, transformer, combiner box and other equipment. The function of the inverter is to convert the generated DC power into AC power. The function of the transformer is to enhance the AC power converted by the inverter. The function of the combiner box is to collect the DC power of the solar panels, and then gather them together for unified transmission to the inverter.

不同之處:

Differences:

1）安裝位置不同：分布式光伏發(fā)電主要安裝在屋頂上，主要分布在人們居住的華北和華南地區(qū)。集中式光伏則主要安裝在戈壁和沙漠中。通常，它們安裝的區(qū)域相對(duì)偏遠(yuǎn)且荒涼，土地相對(duì)便宜。西北地區(qū)主要是寧夏，甘肅，新疆，青海等地區(qū)。

1) Different installation locations: distributed photovoltaic power generation is mainly installed on the roof, mainly distributed in North China and South China where people live. Centralized PV is mainly installed in Gobi and desert. Generally, the area where they are installed is relatively remote and desolate, and the land is relatively cheap. The northwest region is mainly Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang, Qinghai and other regions.

2）不同的并網(wǎng)電壓等級(jí)：對(duì)于分布式光伏，通常將380V電壓連接到電網(wǎng)，并且通常使用低壓脫扣器并網(wǎng)，并且分布式并網(wǎng)點(diǎn)的數(shù)量取決于實(shí)際情況。 集中式光伏電站的并網(wǎng)電壓通常為35KV或110KV。如果電站的功率小于或等于30兆瓦，通常不會(huì)有主變壓器，并且這種超過(guò)35KV的電網(wǎng)會(huì)連接到電網(wǎng)。對(duì)于30 MW以上的電站，通常會(huì)安裝主變壓器，并將主變壓器升級(jí)到110KV電壓等級(jí)后并網(wǎng)。

2) Different grid connection voltage levels: for distributed PV, 380V voltage is usually connected to the grid, and low-voltage release is usually used for grid connection, and the number of distributed grid connection points depends on the actual situation. The grid-connected voltage of centralized photovoltaic power stations is usually 35KV or 110KV. If the power of the power station is less than or equal to 30 MW, there is usually no main transformer, and this kind of power grid exceeding 35 KV will be connected to the power grid. For power stations above 30 MW, the main transformer is usually installed and connected to the grid after the main transformer is upgraded to 110 KV voltage level.

3）電站中使用的二次設(shè)備有所不同：由于分布式光伏電站是低壓380V并網(wǎng)設(shè)備，因此較少用于一次設(shè)備和二次設(shè)備。其中，逆變器通常是壁掛式逆變器，其安裝相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單并且尺寸小。變壓器也是那種小型變壓器。常用的微機(jī)保護(hù)包括電能質(zhì)量監(jiān)控，防孤島保護(hù)裝置和故障解列。

3) The secondary equipment used in the power station is different: since distributed photovoltaic power stations are low-voltage 380V grid-connected equipment, they are less used for primary and secondary equipment. Among them, the inverter is usually wall-mounted inverter, which is relatively simple to install and small in size. Transformer is also a kind of small transformer. Commonly used microcomputer protection includes power quality monitoring, anti-islanding protection device and fault splitting.

根據(jù)地區(qū)要求，設(shè)備要求和技術(shù)參數(shù)要求也有所不同。但是目前，防孤島保護(hù)裝置是每個(gè)分布式光伏必須使用的裝置。集中式光伏電站通常由于其相對(duì)較高的電壓水平而具有自己的變電站。逆變器通常位于變電站室內(nèi)，并且具有較大的尺寸。升壓功能通過(guò)更換箱體完成，通常高35KV。升壓站中有很多設(shè)備。

According to regional requirements, equipment requirements and technical parameters are also different. However, at present, the anti-islanding protection device is a necessary device for each distributed photovoltaic system. Centralized photovoltaic power stations usually have their own substations due to their relatively high voltage levels. The inverter is usually located in the substation room and has a large size. The boosting function is completed by replacing the box, usually 35KV high. There are many equipment in the booster station.

主要設(shè)備包括電站變壓器，開(kāi)關(guān)柜，各種變壓器，消弧線圈和主變壓器。二次設(shè)備包括微機(jī)保護(hù)裝置，電度表，調(diào)度數(shù)據(jù)屏等。比較復(fù)雜的調(diào)度直接實(shí)現(xiàn)了電站的集中管理。同時(shí)，該站還需要一個(gè)功率預(yù)測(cè)系統(tǒng)和一個(gè)功率控制系統(tǒng)，這比分布式光伏系統(tǒng)要復(fù)雜不少。

Main equipment includes power station transformer, switch cabinet, various transformers, arc suppression coil and main transformer. Secondary equipment includes microcomputer protection device, watt-hour meter, dispatching data screen, etc. The complex dispatching directly realizes the centralized management of the power station. At the same time, the station also needs a power prediction system and a power control system, which is much more complex than the distributed photovoltaic system.

4）不同的傳輸距離：分布式光伏發(fā)電一般是指發(fā)的電就地并網(wǎng)的，線損非常低或可以說(shuō)沒(méi)有。補(bǔ)充當(dāng)?shù)仉娏?，以供?dāng)?shù)睾透浇挠秒娬呤褂谩＜惺焦夥l(fā)電站產(chǎn)生的電力通過(guò)高壓并網(wǎng)，將電力逐層輸送到更高的電壓等級(jí)，再將高壓電力傳輸?shù)綎|部地區(qū)，實(shí)現(xiàn)電力西電東輸。

4) Different transmission distances: distributed photovoltaic power generation generally refers to the local grid connection of generated electricity, with very low or no line loss. Supplement local power for local and nearby consumers. The power generated by the centralized photovoltaic power station is connected to the grid through high voltage, and the power is transmitted to a higher voltage level layer by layer, and then the high voltage power is transmitted to the eastern region to realize the power transmission from the west to the east.

總之，分布式光伏和集中式光伏之間存在許多相似之處與不同之處。分布式光伏的前景更好，相同規(guī)模的發(fā)電廠的投資額也差不多。而且，分布式光伏裝置的處在人員較多的地方，維護(hù)也更加方便。更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容就來(lái)我們網(wǎng)站http://m.51lib.com.cn咨詢吧！

In short, there are many similarities and differences between distributed PV and centralized PV. The prospect of distributed photovoltaic is better, and the investment amount of power plants of the same scale is similar. In addition, distributed photovoltaic devices are located in places with more people, and maintenance is more convenient. Come to our website for more relevant content http://m.51lib.com.cn Ask!